An Examination of the Challenges Faced by Public Health Nurses in Promoting Maternal and Child Health in Sokoto State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Maternal and child health (MCH) remains a critical public health concern globally, with nurses playing a vital role in ensuring positive health outcomes for mothers and children. Public health nurses (PHNs) are essential in providing maternal health education, prenatal care, safe delivery assistance, postnatal support, and child healthcare services (WHO, 2024). Their involvement significantly reduces maternal and infant mortality rates by addressing complications early and promoting healthy practices (Adeyemi & Musa, 2023).
In Sokoto State, maternal and child health challenges are exacerbated by factors such as inadequate healthcare infrastructure, cultural practices, low antenatal care (ANC) attendance, and poverty (Hassan & Usman, 2024). Public health nurses work in communities to promote maternal health awareness and encourage healthcare utilization, yet they face multiple barriers, including workforce shortages, inadequate training, and sociocultural resistance.
Despite the crucial role of PHNs in MCH, little research has been conducted on the specific challenges they face in Sokoto State. This study seeks to examine the barriers affecting PHNs in promoting maternal and child health and propose strategies to enhance their effectiveness.
Statement of the Problem
Nigeria has one of the highest maternal and child mortality rates in the world, with states like Sokoto experiencing significant healthcare access disparities. While public health nurses play a key role in maternal and child health promotion, they often encounter obstacles that hinder their efficiency, including logistical, financial, and social challenges.
Without understanding these challenges, efforts to improve maternal and child health may remain ineffective. This study seeks to identify the specific barriers PHNs face in Sokoto State and recommend strategies to improve their effectiveness in promoting maternal and child health.
Objectives of the Study
- To identify the key challenges faced by public health nurses in promoting maternal and child health in Sokoto State.
- To assess the impact of these challenges on maternal and child health outcomes.
- To propose strategies for improving the effectiveness of public health nurses in MCH promotion.
Research Questions
- What are the key challenges faced by public health nurses in promoting maternal and child health in Sokoto State?
- How do these challenges affect maternal and child health outcomes?
- What strategies can be implemented to enhance the effectiveness of public health nurses in promoting maternal and child health?
Research Hypotheses
H₀: Public health nurses do not face significant challenges in promoting maternal and child health in Sokoto State.
H₁: Public health nurses face significant challenges in promoting maternal and child health in Sokoto State.
H₀: The challenges faced by public health nurses do not significantly impact maternal and child health outcomes.
H₁: The challenges faced by public health nurses significantly impact maternal and child health outcomes.
H₀: There are no effective strategies for improving the effectiveness of public health nurses in promoting maternal and child health.
H₁: Effective strategies can be implemented to improve the effectiveness of public health nurses in promoting maternal and child health.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on public health nurses in Sokoto State, particularly those working in primary healthcare centers and community-based programs. Limitations may include inadequate data from remote communities and differences in healthcare infrastructure across regions.
Definitions of Terms
- Maternal and Child Health (MCH) – Healthcare services aimed at ensuring the well-being of mothers and children.
- Public Health Nurse (PHN) – A nurse specialized in community health promotion and disease prevention.
- Antenatal Care (ANC) – Medical and educational services provided to pregnant women before childbirth.
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